Fargonacha Jonon by Uzbek Music Instrument CHANG

Uzbek Traditional music.

Uzbek folk music, with its multifaceted content, form and genre, is closely connected with the musical culture of the Tajik, Turkmen, Bashkir, Kyrgyz and other peoples of Central Asia. These masterpieces created by the people have been perfected and complicated over the centuries. Despite the fact that folk songs are unanimous, they are a national treasure of Uzbek art with wonderful melodies and different styles.

In the past, there were many khanates in the Uzbek Eli, each of which had its own musicians and singers. Therefore, folk songs had their own direction in each oasis. The absence of Tashkent and Fergana melodies and songs in the Khorezm oasis, Bukhara songs in Tashkent songs or "Katta ashula" in Tashkent and Fergana oases in other oases can prove our words. . If the songs of Tashkent, Fergana and Khorezm are musical works of medium range, the "folk songs" in Bukhara are works of music with a wide range.

Many Uzbek folk songs start at the fifth interval to two octaves (the peak of the song) and then return to the main tone with a medium pitch. The melodies convey the full meaning of his words and, in some places, expand the meaning of the poem. Poems are often used in the form of four lines. Poems in the form of ghazals are mostly used for large-scale works (in Shashmaqom). For example: "Gulizorim" with the poem of A.Navoi, "Ferganacha jonon" with the poem of Muqimi, "Oromijon" with the poem of Zavqi, "Asiriy", "Naylaram" with the poem of Hislat, Furkat's poem with "Figonkim" and others The methods of Uzbek folk songs are different - from simple to complex. For example: "Mugulchai dugoh" and "Mugulchai segoh" - 5/4; “Talqin”, “Bayot”, “Adoi”, “Asiri” and “Chapandozi Bayot” -3/8; “Poor” - 4/4 and so on.

It is especially important that our folk songs are accompanied by musical instruments. In some cases, the melodies are accompanied by instrumental accompaniment, which gives the melody a special touch. Our folk melodies and songs are performed by two different ensembles. One in the house, in the room (doira, gijjak, nay, tanbur, rubob, dutar) and the other in big ceremonies - accompanied by trumpets, horns, drums, several circles and other instruments. There are two types of folk songs: instrumental and hymn. For example, the books "Yangi tanavor", "Dutor bayoti", "Rohat", "Gul sayri" are included in the category of instruments, "Chorgoh", "Bayot-5", "Ushshak", "Chapandozi navolar" are symbols of the song type. . Our folk songs are performed in a variety of genres: lyrical songs, ceremonial songs, labor songs, lapars, yallas and children's songs.