Best Defensive Building in AoE2

With quite a few defensive fortifications available, the goal for this one is see how much value they all give from a few different perspectives. No bias toward japanese yasama towers, of course.

0:55 Cost to build and research
2:10 Attack (dpm and dpm per resource spent)
3:05 Bombard tower attack is a bit misleading
3:30 vs Rams
4:00 Range
4:20 HP (total and HP per resource spent)
5:05 Garrison space

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Game: Age of Empires 2 Definitive Edition, with Forgotten Empires, African Kingdoms, Rise the Rajas, and Last Khans expansions