Disasters Basics हिंदी में : Understanding Risk, Hazard, Vulnerability, Exposure & Coping Capacity

Disasters Basics हिंदी में : Understanding Risk, Hazard, Vulnerability, Exposure & Coping Capacity
OCCURRENCE OF DISASTER: BASIC TERMS
Disasters occur where there is Disaster risk ( Likelihood of harm, loss or disaster due to hazard) .
Predicting the scale of disasters therefore requires us to understand disaster risk.
It results from the combination of Hazards (refers to the trigger of the disaster which has potential to cause a disruption)
Exposure ( Elements affected by hazard)
Conditions of vulnerability (characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard) &
Insufficient coping capacity or measures to reduce the potential negative consequences of risk.
Thus Disaster is the function of the risk process.
Levels of risk is a simple equation
Risk = hazard x Exposure X vulnerability/ Coping capacity
HAZARD:
A dangerous condition or event, that threat or have the potential for causing injury to life or damage to property or the environment.
Anything that has the potential to cause harm, ill health and injury, damage to property, products or the environment, production losses or increase liabilities
A source of potential harm or a situation with a potential to cause losses.
A Hazard is a threat. A future source of danger. It has the potential to cause harm to
People - death, injury, disease and stress
Human activity – economic, educational etc.
Property - property damage
Economic loss
Environment - loss fauna and flora, pollution,
loss of amenities.
Vulnerability describes the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.
There are many aspects of vulnerability, arising from various physical, social, economic, and environmental factors.
Coping Capacity
“The ability of people, organizations and systems, using available skills and resources, to face and manage adverse conditions, emergencies or disasters“
The capacity to cope requires
continuing awareness,
resources and
good management
both in normal times as well as during crises or adverse conditions. Coping capacities contribute to the reduction of disaster risks (UNISDR, 2009).
Disaster risk
The probability that a community’s structure or geographic area is to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a particular hazard, on account of their nature, construction, and proximity to a hazardous area.
Risk is a function of threats exploiting vulnerabilities to obtain, damage or destroy assets.
Thus, threats (actual, conceptual, or inherent) may exist, but if there are no vulnerabilities then there is little/no risk.

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